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Many places throughout the United States of America take their names from the languages of the indigenous Native American/American Indian tribes. The following list includes settlements, geographic features, and political subdivisions whose names are derived from these indigenous languages. ==State names== (詳細はAlabama – Named for the Alibamu, a tribe whose name derives from a Choctaw phrase meaning "thicket-clearers"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alabama: The State Name )〕 or "plant-cutters" (from ''albah'', "(medicinal) plants", and ''amo'', "to clear"). The modern Choctaw name for the tribe is ''Albaamu''.〔Bright (2004:29)〕 *Alaska – from Aleut ''alaxsxaq'', "the mainland" (literally "the object towards which the action of the sea is directed").〔Ransom, J. Ellis. 1940. ''Derivation of the Word ‘Alaska’''. American Anthropologist n.s., 42: pp. 550–551〕 *Arizona – may be from O'odham (unicode:''ali ṣona-g''), "having a little spring", though it may come from Basque: ''aritz zonak'' ("Good oaks").〔Bright (2004:47)〕 *Arkansas – from the Illinois rendering of the tribal autonym ''kką:ze'' (see Kansas, below), which the Miami and Illinois used to refer to the Quapaw.〔〔Rankin, Robert. 2005. "Quapaw". In ''Native Languages of the Southeastern United States'', eds. Heather K. Hardy and Janine Scancarelli. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, pg. 492〕 *Connecticut – from some Eastern Algonquian language of southern New England (perhaps Mahican), meaning "at the long tidal river" (after the Connecticut River).〔Campbell (1997:11)〕 The name reflects Proto-Eastern-Algonquian '' *kwən-'', "long"; '' *-əhtəkw'', "tidal river"; and '' *-ənk'', the locative suffix〔Afable, Patricia O. and Madison S. Beeler (1996). "Place Names", in "Languages", ed. Ives Goddard. Vol. 17 of ''Handbook of North American Indians'', ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pg. 193〕 *Hawaii - Hawaiian language name ''(unicode:Hawaiʻi)'' - from Hawaiki, legendary homeland of the Polynesians.〔Crowley, Terry. 1992. ''An Introduction to Historical Linguistics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pg. 289〕 Hawaiki is believed to mean "place of the gods"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Online Etymology Dictionary )〕 *Idaho – may be from Plains Apache ''ídaahę́'', "enemy", used to refer to the Comanches,〔Bright (2004:177)〕 or it may have been an invented word. *Illinois – from the French rendering of an Algonquian (perhaps Miami) word apparently meaning "s/he speaks normally" (c.f. Miami ''ilenweewa''), from Proto-Algonquian '' *elen-'', "ordinary" + ''-wē'', "to speak",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Illinois )〕〔Bright (2004:181)〕 referring to the Illiniwek. *Iowa – from Dakota ''ayúxba'' or ''ayuxwe'', via French ''Aiouez''.〔2001. "Plains", ed. Raymond J. DeMallie. Vol. 13 of "Handbook of North American Indians", ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pg. 445〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iowa ) 〕〔Bright (2004:185)〕 *Kansas – from the autonym ''kką:ze''.〔 *Kentucky – from an Iroquoian word meaning "at the meadow" or "on the prairie"〔Mithun, Marianne. 1999. ''Languages of Native North America''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pg. 312〕 (c.f. Seneca ''gëdá’geh'' , "at the field").〔Bright (2004:213)〕 *Massachusetts – from an Algonquian language of southern New England, and apparently means "near the small big mountain", usually identified as Great Blue Hill on the border of Milton and Canton, Massachusetts〔Salwen, Bert, 1978. ''Indians of Southern New England and Long Island: Early Period''. In "Northeast", ed. Bruce G. Trigger. Vol. 15 of "Handbook of North American Indians", ed. William C. Sturtevant, pp. 160–176. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Quoted in: Campbell, Lyle. 1997. ''American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pg. 401〕 (c.f. the Narragansett name ''Massachusêuck'').〔 *Michigan – from Ottawa ''mishigami'', "large water" or "large lake".". *Minnesota – from Dakota ''mni-sota'', "turbid water".〔 *Mississippi – from an Algonquian language, probably Ojibwe, meaning "big river" (Ojibwe ''misiziibi'').〔〔 〕 *Missouri – named for the Missouri tribe, whose name comes from Illinois ''mihsoori'', "dugout canoe".〔McCafferty, Michael. 2004. ''(Correction: Etymology of Missouri )''. American Speech, 79.1:32〕 *Nebraska – from Chiwere ''ñįbraske'', "flattened water". *New Mexico – the name "Mexico" comes from Nahuatl ''Mēxihco'', of unknown derivation.〔Campbell (1997:378)〕 *North and South Dakota – ''dakhóta'' comes from the Sioux word for "friend" or "ally".〔 *Ohio – from Seneca ''ohi:yo’'', "beautiful river".〔Bright (2004:3??)〕 *Oklahoma – invented by Chief Allen Wright as a rough translation of "Indian Territory"; in Choctaw, ''okla'' means "people", "tribe", or "nation", and ''homa-'' means "red", thus: "Red people".〔 *Tennessee – Derived from the name of a Cherokee village, ''Tanasi'', whose etymology is unknown. *Texas – ultimately from Caddo (unicode:''táyshaʔ''), "friend".〔Bright (2004:491)〕 *Utah – from a language of one of the Ute tribe's neighbors, such as Western Apache ''yúdah'', "high up".〔1986. "Great Basin", ed. Warren L. d'Azevedo. Vol. 11 of ''Handbook of North American Indians''. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Cited in: Bright (2004:534)〕 *Wisconsin – originally "Mescousing", from an Algonquian language, though the source and meaning is not entirely clear; most likely from the Miami word ''Meskonsing'' meaning "it lies red"〔McCafferty, Michael. 2003. ''(On Wisconsin: The Derivation and Referent of an Old Puzzle in American Placenames )''. Onoma 38: 39-56〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wisconsin's Name: Where it Came from and What it Means )〕 (c.f. Ojibwe ''miskosin'').〔 *Wyoming – from Munsee Delaware ''xwé:wamənk'', "at the big river flat".〔Bright (2004:576)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of place names in the United States of Native American origin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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